Expensive Flights Hinder Central American Integration
By Guy José Bendaña-Guerrero & Asociados
Traveling by air in Central America is significantly more expensive compared to other regions. A short flight between Costa Rica and El Salvador costs between USD 500 and USD 800, while similar routes in South America can be even cheaper. This high cost discourages travel and hinders regional integration.
The World Bank identified limited competition and high airport fees as the main reasons behind expensive flights. Central American countries charge high fees for regional flights, similar to those applied to long-distance international flights. This discourages low-cost carriers from entering the market and limits the creation of new routes.
A report by Roberto Echandi (World Bank Global Investment Policy Lead) and Michel Kerf (World Bank Country Director for Central America and the Dominican Republic) estimates that lower fees could significantly reduce travel costs. With lower fees, round-trip tickets within Central America could drop to as low as USD 114 (excluding taxes). This would stimulate business activity and create jobs in tourism and other sectors.
Several Central American countries are working with the World Bank to reduce fees on regional flights. Panama lowered departure fees at a recently reopened low-cost airport, and Costa Rica introduced a bill to reduce fees if other countries follow suit. These initiatives aim to make intra-regional travel more affordable and promote integration.
The World Bank is encouraging all Central American governments to participate in this initiative. With cooperation, reducing fees could create a "Central American bullet train" system, allowing quick and affordable travel throughout the region.
Nicaragua is one of the Central American countries working with the World Bank to reduce fees on regional flights. The country has not yet taken any concrete steps to lower fees, but it has expressed support for the initiative. Currently Managua is accesible on commercial flights via Miami, Houston, Ford Lauderdale, San Salvador, Costa Rica, Mexico and Panamá.